title: Netherlands — Legal & Litigation | World Payments Monitor canonical: https://payments.gi/jurisdictions/netherlands/w7/ publisher: Asymmetric Intelligence ### W7 Legal & Litigation Confirmed confirmed 2026-06-27 DNB enforces Wft/Wwft via fines/orders (Bbbfs). Landmark actions: Bunq EUR 2.6m (May 2025), de Volksbank EUR 20m (Jan 2025), PSP fine upheld on appeal (Feb 2026), Rabobank ML court case. Standing sub-brief · as of 27 June 2026 195 words · last cycle 2026-06-27 #### Legal & Litigation DNB actively enforces the Wft and Wwft against PIs, EMIs and banks via administrative fines and orders subject to penalty under Sections 1:79/1:80 Wft and the Bbbfs. The fine framework runs from a category 2 base of EUR 500k up to EUR 1m, and a category 3 base of EUR 2.5m up to EUR 5m, doubled for repeat non-compliance within five years. The bank-PSP and non-bank-PI/EMI distinction is relevant across this enforcement surface, since all three entity types are exposed. Recent landmark actions establish the escalating posture: a EUR 2.6m AML fine on Bunq (May 2025); EUR 20m on de Volksbank (January 2025, comprising EUR 15m conduct and EUR 5m AML); and a PSP fine upheld on appeal, reduced to EUR 850,190 plus EUR 562,500 in February 2026. Rabobank faces a money-laundering court case after settlement talks failed. The AML enforcement detail carries financial-crime significance and is routed to FIM via cross-monitor flags. #### Outlook W7 is escalating and confirmed. DNB's willingness to litigate, exemplified by the Rabobank case, raises compliance-cost expectations across Dutch PIs, EMIs and banks. The standing watch is the trajectory of the Rabobank proceedings and any further multi-million-euro actions. no periodic updates on record for this sub-brief ** Sources and findings (4)** 1. T3 [https://www.flagright.com/post/dutch-central-bank-fines-bunq-eu2-6m-for-repeated-aml-failures](https://www.flagright.com/post/dutch-central-bank-fines-bunq-eu2-6m-for-repeated-aml-failures) retrieved 2026-06-27 2. T1 [https://www.dnb.nl/en/general-news/enforcement-measures-2025/fines-totalling-20-million-imposed-on-de-volksbank/](https://www.dnb.nl/en/general-news/enforcement-measures-2025/fines-totalling-20-million-imposed-on-de-volksbank/) retrieved 2026-06-27 3. T2 [https://blogs.duanemorris.com/europeansanctionsenforcement/2026/02/20/netherlands-dnb-fines-imposed-on-payment-services-provider-upheld-on-appeal/](https://blogs.duanemorris.com/europeansanctionsenforcement/2026/02/20/netherlands-dnb-fines-imposed-on-payment-services-provider-upheld-on-appeal/) retrieved 2026-06-27 4. T1 [https://www.dnb.nl/en/sector-information/open-book-supervision/laws-and-eu-regulations/enforcement/enforcement-in-the-event-of-capital-shortages-for-payment-institutions-or-electronic-money-institutions/](https://www.dnb.nl/en/sector-information/open-book-supervision/laws-and-eu-regulations/enforcement/enforcement-in-the-event-of-capital-shortages-for-payment-institutions-or-electronic-money-institutions/) retrieved 2026-06-27