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title: US-FL — Correspondent Banking, Settlement & Access (W12) | World Payments Monitor
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### W12 Correspondent Banking, Settlement & Access 1 gap Confirmed re-verified 2026-10-18 · changed 2026-07-05

Florida's correspondent-banking and cross-border settlement access architecture runs through Chapter 663 (International Banking), which lets OFR licence foreign-bank agencies/branches/offices, with Miami serving as a de facto US correspondent-banking hub for Latin America, subject to sanctions-driven de-risking pressure.

Open gap — wpm-int-3 No US-FL correspondent banking / de-risking action was identified this cycle._no under-indexing note recorded_

Standing sub-brief · as of 5 July 2026 148 words · last cycle 2026-07-05

#### Correspondent Banking, Settlement & Access

The module's analytical spine is the asymmetry between bank and non-bank access to correspondent infrastructure. Chapter 663, Florida Statutes, authorises Office of Financial Regulation licensing of foreign-bank agency, branch and representative offices in Florida, with capital-equivalency deposits required in Florida or national banks or a Federal Reserve Bank; this is a bank-only access architecture distinct from the non-bank Chapter 560 licensing regime tracked in W1a. The Florida International Bankers Association and the wider Miami correspondent-banking cluster serve as a de facto US correspondent-banking hub for Latin America and a recognised Center for Excellence for AML compliance training across the LatAm/Caribbean correspondent-banking corridor.

#### Outlook

No material change to Florida's Chapter 663 access architecture was identified this cycle. The sanctions-driven de-risking dynamic around Miami correspondent banking (see W7/W11) bears continued monitoring for its effect on bank-mediated access alongside the non-bank corridor infrastructure tracked in W5.

no periodic updates on record for this sub-brief

** Sources and findings (5 unique sources · R-3/R-4)**

1.

[W12-E1] T1 Derived: Confirmed [in_force https://codes.findlaw.com/fl/title-xxxviii-banks-and-banking/fl-st-sect-663-01/](https://codes.findlaw.com/fl/title-xxxviii-banks-and-banking/fl-st-sect-663-01/) re-verified 2026-07-05

<cite index="66-9,66-11">Chapter 663 codifies definitions for 'international banking corporation' and 'international representative office', establishing the legal basis for foreign-bank agency/branch/representative-office access in Florida</cite>.

2.

[W12-E2] T1 Derived: Confirmed [in_force https://myfloridacfo.com/about/about-dfs/commission](https://myfloridacfo.com/about/about-dfs/commission) re-verified 2026-07-05

<cite index="62-1">OFR is responsible for supervising state-chartered banks, credit unions, savings associations, and international bank agencies</cite>, giving it direct oversight of correspondent-banking access points.

3.

[W12-E3] T1 Derived: Confirmed [in_force https://flofr.gov/divisions-offices/division-of-financial-institutions](https://flofr.gov/divisions-offices/division-of-financial-institutions) re-verified 2026-07-05

<cite index="63-16">The Bureau of Bank Regulation conducts examinations and regulates state-chartered commercial banks and is also responsible for trust companies, trust departments, and international bank offices statewide</cite>.

4.

[W12-E4] T1 Derived: Confirmed [in_force https://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0600-0699/0663/0663.html](https://www.leg.state.fl.us/Statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0600-0699/0663/0663.html) re-verified 2026-07-05

<cite index="61-1,61-2">Deposits and securities used to satisfy capital-equivalency requirements for international agencies/branches must, to the extent feasible, be held in state/national banks located in Florida or in a Federal Reserve Bank</cite>.

5.

[W12-E5] T2 Derived: Confirmed [in_force https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCOURTS-flsd-1_22-cv-20201/pdf/USCOURTS-flsd-1_22-cv-20201-3.pdf](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCOURTS-flsd-1_22-cv-20201/pdf/USCOURTS-flsd-1_22-cv-20201-3.pdf) re-verified 2026-07-05

<cite index="60-17,60-26">US sanctions against the Venezuelan government drove Banco de Venezuela's loss of correspondent relationships broadly, while a Miami-based bank opted to open a correspondent account for it in 2017</cite>, later prompting a regulatory Consent Order.